The fascinating legend of Pakistan along with its great endeavor and triumph are essentially the real anecdote of countless rulers in the past who fought back to endure both in likelihood and troubles. One such intrepid Muslim ruler was Razia Sultan. Razia Sultan, the first and foremost woman ruler in South Asia was born in the year 1205. She was the beloved daughter of the Muslim ruler named “Iltutmush”. Razia was brilliant, astute, heroic, an outstanding bureaucrat, and of course, an incredible combatant. In the vein of several other (Muslim) princesses who belonged to the prehistoric period, Razia Sultan was fully trained and prepared to direct and guide the defense forces independently. Eventually, she developed into a potential woman Sultan who was trained to rule the monarchy as well.
Razia, a Highly regarded Sultan of Ancient era:
Starting from the year 1236 to 1240, Razia Sultan continued to exist as the powerful “Sultan of Delhi, India”. She still possesses the pride of being the foremost and ultimate women sovereign of the “Delhi Sultanate”. If truth be told, Razia Sultana was the solitary woman sovereign in both Mughal & Sultanate eras. However, a few other women also ruled surreptitiously. Razia, the powerful woman ruler declined to be called ‘Sultana’ as the term referred to as “Spouse or Wife of a Sultan”. As a result, this brave ruler responded only if, she was mentioned with the title – “Sultan”!!
Outstanding Administrating Power of Razia Sultan:
Obviously, Razia Sultan was a brilliant administrator who was able to hand several intricate regime dealings efficiently and effortlessly. Even though she served as a brave chief in the battleground, she also had enormous strength and tremendous combating potential. With the aim of ruling the country with a brawny look, Razia Sultana did not hesitate to cast off her womanly outfit. She always wore manly outfits, irrespective of whether she attended the court or appeared in the combat zone. Owing to Razia’s terrific administrative and ruling powers, emperor Iltutmush designated Razia Sultana as his heir on the Delhi throne. Every time when Iltutmush had the necessity to travel far from his Kingdom, he left all the powers to his daughter Razia Sultana by giving the orders of all regime affairs to her. Unfortunately, after the decease of Iltutmush, ‘Rukn-ud-din Firuz’, the son of Iltutmush deliberately took away the throne of Delhi. He ruled the kingdom for approximately 7 months. Nevertheless, along with the inconceivable support of Delhi citizens, Razia Sultana was able to capture the throne by conquering her own brother in the year 1236. Since Razia Sultana was a resourceful monarch, she instigated potential rules and regulations in her country. Also, this courageous ruler made every effort to enhance the road and rail network of her province by heartening business, constructing wells, roads, libraries, research centers & schools. However, Razia Sultana did not forget to donate to the meadow of art & culture. The Lady ruler cheered talented artists, musicians, and lyricists to contribute to art and cultural activities to a greater extent.
Non-judgmental Attitude of Razia towards Religion:
It is believed that Razia Sultana had mentioned that the fortitude of religious conviction was crucial than its sub-divisions. In fact, her open-mindedness towards the Hindu religion paid her off with disparagement from Muslim critics. Razia Sultan constructed community libraries that included the legendary works of prehistoric theorists in conjunction with the holy “Qur'an” and other Muhammad customs. Also, other philosophical works based on Hinduism in philosophy, science, literature and astronomy, were supposedly included in academic institutions.
Conflict with Turkish Aristocracy:
Razia Sultan had great trust in “Jalal-ud-din Yaqut”, an Ethiopian slave. She appointed him as her personal assistant. As a consequence, she confronted the domination of the authoritative Turkish upper classes. The Turkish aristocracy was hesitant to acknowledge a woman as their head of state, mainly when she confronted their supremacy. So, they worked furtively against the lady ruler. In the year 1239, Razia was in an attempt to restrain a revolt against the “Lahore Governor” who was a Turkish. The Turkish aristocracy made use of Razia’s nonexistence at Delhi and triumphed over Razia and made Bahram (Razia’s brother) the King of Delhi's throne. So as to capture her throne all over again, Razia Sultana entered into a matrimonial bond with “Malik Altunia”, the Bhatinda Governor, and protested against Delhi with the support of her companion. Nevertheless, on October 13th, 1240, Razia and her husband were assassinated by ‘Bahram’.
Allege on the subject of Razia's Tombstone at Tonk, Rajasthan:
Still, several disagreements exist about the actual location of Razia’s grave. There exist a minimum of 3 claims on the topic of the exact location of Razia’s grave. None of these three spots possess any writing on the gravestone in reminiscence of the person who was buried. To this point, there is no documentary confirmation or archaeological proof to substantiate the exact location of Razia’s tombstone. The key difference of opinion lies in the discussion of whether the mighty woman ruler was buried in Delhi or Tonk or Kaithal. As per the 3rd declaration, Razia and her Ethiopian slave were buried at Tonk in the state of Rajasthan. This was the place where Razia’s father had placed a cordon or barricade.
Legends and Movies about Valiant Razia Sultan:
Since Raziya Sultan was the primary woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, she continued to exist as the theme of countless folklore. The life of this mighty woman sovereign was the basic theme of a famous Urdu film (1983) called “Razia Sultan”. This film was created & directed by “Mr. Kamal Amrohi”. The famous Hindi artist ‘Hema Malini’ played the role of Razia in this movie. Also, in the year 2000, a portion of the past imaginary tale called “Razia, the Queen of India” was derived from the “Sultana's life” by “Mr. Rafiq Zakaria”.
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